SOVIET DIVERSION OF UNITED STATES TECHNOLOGY: THE CIRCUMVENTION OF COCOM AND THE UNITED STATES REEXPORT CONTROLS, AND PROPOSED SOLUTIONS

This Note examines the Soviet diversions of United States technology and suggests possible countermeasures. Part I examines diversions and their impact on United States national security. Parts II and III review present United States and Western export and reexport controls and the problems with these controls. Parts IV and V introduct and evaluate proposals offered Read More …

SOME ASPECTS OF ABUSE OF DOMINANT POSITIONS IN EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ANTITRUST LAW

This article starts by looking at Article 86 of the ECC Treaty governing antitrust violations and the significance of “dominant position” in applying the Rule. The author then explains how in light of United Brands v. Commission, a Court of Justice of the European Communities Court, evidence of dominance may be classified in four categories. Read More …

SERVING SUBPOENAS ABROAD PURSUANT TO THE FUTURES TRADING ACT OF 1986

Part I examines the 1986 amendment’s legislative history and explains how the new subpoena powers will operate. Part II analyzes the new subpoena powers with respect to current standards of extraterritorial discovery under international law. Finally, Part III proposes an appropriate approach to serving CFTC subpoenas abroad which will promote their enforceability while not affronting Read More …

SELECTIVE DISTRIBUTION

Systems of selective distribution involve essentially two elements. First, the distribution does not supply every dealer, retailer, or wholesaler who is willing to sell the products in question. Only those who meet certain criteria are appointed as authorized retailers or wholesalers. Second, authorized dealers may sell only to other authorized dealers, or, in the case Read More …

SELECTING AN APPROPRIATE FEDERAL COURT IN AN INTERNATIONAL ANTITRUST CASE: PERSONAL JURISDICTION AND VENUE

Finding an appropriate U.S. forum for an international antitrust case is unnecessarily complicated. Congress, with its intent to effectuate broad enforcement of the antitrust laws, has provided statutory authority, which allows suit in any judicial district so long as the antitrust defendant has minimum contacts with the United States. Thus far the courts have generally Read More …

SECURING A LAWYER’S FREEDOM OF ESTABLISHMENT WITHIN THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY

Part I of this Note discusses the right of establishment within the EEC and the difficulties facing foreign attorneys in their efforts to exercise their right of establishment. Part II will examine the reasons why directives advancing a lawyer’s freedom of establishment have so far not been approved and will then evaluate three proposed solutions. Read More …

SEABEDS, SOVERIGNTY AND OBJECTIVE REGIMES

The United States and some of its major allies have been negotiating for some time concerning the establishment of an “alternative” seabed mining regime. Before confronting this issue, however, several threshold issues will be addressed. These will include descriptions of the nodule mining venture, the proposed UNCLOS regime to govern it, and the most recent Read More …

SALVATION FOR THE WOMEN OF EL SALVADOR: RECOGNIZING A VIOLATION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS FOR THE SAKE OF ENDING FEMICIDE

On February 12, 2018, Graciela Eugenia Ramírez Chávez went out to buy a pair of shoes for what should have been the happiest day of her life: her wedding day.1 After previously escaping an abusive relationship and “tak[ing] justice into her own hands” upon the advice of police when she reported the abuse, Graciela was Read More …

ROADBLOCK TO TRADE: THE STATE-CONTROLLED ECONOMY ISSUE IN ANTIDUMPING LAW ADMINISTRATION

This article will review and analyze the background of the SCE provisions, the operation and limitations of the current law as evidenced by recent cases, and the proposed legislation currently before Congress. Donald L. Cuneo Charles B. Manuel, Jr.